The ESG balancing act
By Topco Marketing Achieving balance across the three pillars of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) is a complex challenge that many organisations face. Implementing an ESG strategy can be daunting, especially when considering the various hurdles that must be overcome. There are several reasons why ESG implementation can be difficult: According to a LinkedIn survey conducted by Kaizen Institute in 2024, 40% of respondents prioritise the Environmental Pillar of ESG, often overshadowing social and governance aspects. To achieve true balance, organisations must adopt a holistic approach that integrates sustainability into every aspect of the business. So, how can organisations overcome common ESG challenges and achieve success? Despite these challenges, there are several strategies that businesses can employ to overcome them: Join the conversation The Future of Sustainability Conference hosted at Emperors Palace in Johannesburg, is a must-attend event for professionals and stakeholders across industries focused on sustainability, innovation, and transformation. Set to take place on 26 and 27 March 2025, the event promises to foster rich dialogue, inspire actionable insights, and spark collaborations that will shape the future of Africa’s sustainable development. Join us to learn how to: The Future of Sustainability conference: Where connections meet innovation Our conference is the perfect platform to connect with organisations and individuals who share your passion for sustainability. Join us to: Top speakers to watch We are proud to announce an exceptional lineup of keynote speakers and panellists, each with unique expertise and a shared vision for Africa’s sustainable future: Key topics and panel discussions This year’s conference will feature high-impact panel discussions tackling the most critical issues surrounding Africa’s sustainability journey. Expect thought-provoking conversations on: Have a look at the programme here and the event fact sheet here. Thank you to our gold partner, Heineken Beverages South Africa; our premium digital partner, iME; our silver partner, Old Mutual Insure; our bronze partners, Nestlé, Nespresso, Dell Technologies/Intel and Isanti Glass; and our showcase counter partner, AECI. A special thank you to our knowledge partner, The Carbon Trust, and strategic partners: UN Global Compact Network South Africa, Good Governance Africa, GreenCape, and Primedia Out of Home. Don’t let ESG scare you! Partnering and collaborating with other organisations might be your solution. 🌱 Register now Secure your spot at the Future of Sustainability Conference and start driving ESG success through effective communication, collaboration, and connection. Ticket link: https://qkt.io/FOS2025 For more information go to the Future of Sustainability website Invoices are available upon request from marketing@topco.co.za
Why frontliners are the key to your organisation’s success
By Tom Marsicano, CEO of ‘and Change’ Frontline workers and managers are the backbone of any institution. The people who offer your services to customers reflect your organisation’s internal state of affairs. Therefore, their careers and happiness are core to your success, and their buy-in is the key to effecting positive organisational change. Organisations worldwide must manage extreme change, especially in the face of the so-called ‘polycrisis’ – a term coined by the World Economic Forum describing the ongoing global crises affecting our lives. From economic depressions to global conflicts, many institutions are treading water, hoping to maintain their development while keeping their workers’ happiness intact. This circumstance is especially true in South Africa, where we must deal with compounding factors like inflation, crumbling infrastructure, and brain drains. Frontline workers are usually the first to experience significant organisational changes, from restructuring to implementing new systems or determining new ways of working. The most successful of these front liners can see these changes as an opportunity, not a threat. Yet developing that mindset does require training, supportive management, and reasoning from leaders to ensure the change is fully understood – a vital process in avoiding resistance to the change. These are all critical elements of change management, and the risk of not seriously taking change resistance is evident when you consider that 70% of organisational transformation efforts fail without proper employee buy-in. So, what can those of us across an organisation do to ensure that frontline workers are ready and willing to embrace change? Implement change management principles across the organisation, from executives to frontline managers to workers on the ground – the change value chain. Frontline managers From their relationship dynamics with their teams to their dual role as both recipients and agents of change, team leaders are essential to managing the current seismic shifts organisations are facing. Research from Prosci, and on-the-ground experience tells us that there are multiple vital activities that frontline managers must perform in times of change: Senior executives/sponsors As those giving permission and approving funding for the change, top-level leaders of an organisation also have an essential role in giving frontline managers the support they need: The frontline workers themselves Much of the change management work should be conducted by organisational leaders, and ambitious workers on the frontline can leverage the change to showcase their leadership abilities. In our consulting experience, we’ve seen how successful organisation-wide training can be. One of our clients in the FMCG (fast-moving consumer goods) sector was implementing an entirely new distribution process for their products and decided to train their distribution units at the ground level in change management skill sets. The adoption of the new system was rapid, and this not only empowered workers across the business but also dramatically heightened efficiency. We advise our clients always to acknowledge the frontline experience. However, one must go beyond simple verbal recognition and follow through with action to ensure their lives and careers are positively affected by the change – especially in these difficult times. Sources: WEF | Business Tech | Forbes | Prosci
The Future of Sustainability Conference 2025: The countdown begins!
Cape Town, 13 March 2025 As the world accelerates toward a more sustainable future, the Future of Sustainability Conference 2025 is set to take centre stage in just two weeks! With a continuous mission to drive impactful change, this year’s conference will bring together some of the most influential thought leaders in the realm of sustainability to tackle Africa’s most pressing environmental and economic challenges. The Future of Sustainability Conference, hosted at Emperors Palace in Johannesburg, is a must-attend event for professionals and stakeholders across industries focused on sustainability, innovation, and transformation. Set to take place on 26-27 March 2025, the event promises to foster rich dialogue, inspire actionable insights, and spark collaborations that will shape the future of Africa’s sustainable development. Top speakers to watch We are proud to announce an exceptional lineup of keynote speakers and panellists, each with unique expertise and a shared vision for Africa’s sustainable future: Key topics & panel discussions This year’s conference will feature high-impact panel discussions tackling the most critical issues surrounding Africa’s sustainability journey. Expect thought-provoking conversations on: Have a look at the programme here and the event factsheet here. Why you should attend The Future of Sustainability Conference 2025 is an unparalleled opportunity to engage with global and local leaders, participate in groundbreaking conversations, and collaborate on solutions that will shape the future of Africa’s sustainable economy. Whether you are in business, government, or the NGO sector, this conference will provide you with the insights, tools, and connections you need to lead the charge toward a more sustainable world. At the heart of Topco Media conferences is networking and you are sure to leave with new business contacts. Thank you to our gold partner, HEINEKEN Beverages South Africa; our premium digital partner, iME; our silver partner, Old Mutual Insure; our bronze partners, Nestlé, Nespresso, Dell Technologies / Intel and Isanti Glass; and our showcase counter partner, AECI. A special thank you to our knowledge partner, The Carbon Trust, and strategic partners: UN Global Compact Network South Africa, Good Governance Africa, GreenCape, and Primedia Out of Home. Secure your spot today! The Future of Sustainability Conference 2025 is only two weeks away, with limited tickets still available. Don’t miss out on this transformative event that will help define the next chapter of Africa’s sustainability journey. Book your ticket on Quicket. Join us at The Future of Sustainability Conference 2025 and be part of the movement driving Africa’s sustainable future! For more information, please contact:Thabiso M. Mohlabengthabiso.mohlabeng@futureofsustainability.co.za
Green energy, green economy, green opportunities
By Nicholas Fordyce, Communications and Publications Manager, Green Cape The building blocks of any economy are the same; to power an economy, we need sources of energy. To grow our community, we must provide food and other resources. We need infrastructure to supply and distribute water and sanitation services. We require a waste management system that can capture, process, and safely dispose of, or clean, the waste we generate. And for all of the above, we require modes of transportation. However, not all economies are built the same way. For far too long, people have pursued a form of economy based on a linear “take-make-waste” model based on the extraction and consumption of limited fossil fuel resources. This has gradually plunged us into a number of crises, including the global climate crisis, the 6th extinction, resource availability crises, landfill airspace shortages, and significant widespread inequality. Globally, there is now an urgent trend towards transitioning to alternative ways of operating. A green economy has all of the same building blocks as its linear counterpart, but with an emphasis on technological solutions that are circular, clean, renewable, sustainable, and, critically, also profitable. Moreover, a green economy is one that is considered socially inclusive, creates meaningful and dignified job opportunities, and is focused on service delivery to those communities that are most vulnerable. For businesses that transition to green technologies, enhanced business resilience and profitability are anticipated outcomes. Through its partnership with the City of Cape Town, GreenCape, a non-profit organisation that drives the widespread adoption of economically viable greentech solutions across Africa, has published a suite of freely available case studies and industry briefs designed to showcase the broad range of green economy opportunities, solutions, and interventions across all of the aforementioned sectors that are currently present within Cape Town. The examples provided below are not exhaustive but paint a clear picture of the types of opportunities that exist within Cape Town’s enabling environment. The energy crisis For South Africans, the most glaringly obvious challenge facing our country is our energy crisis. Load shedding is now a daily reality, and with the schedule so extreme, we shift through many stages a day. Indeed, in 2023, we saw more hours of load shedding, and at higher stages, than in any previous year. For businesses, the combination of energy insecurity and rising Eskom tariffs makes the provision of electricity a major liability. There is now a huge movement for businesses to ensure security of supply, with many opting for the costly and dirty solution of running diesel generators or seeking energy storage solutions. But those are not the only solutions. There is an increasingly strong business case for small-scale embedded generation (SSEG), a green economy solution that allows for the generation of clean, renewable energy at a cost significantly lower than that of Eskom tariffs. Indeed, the uptake of SSEG has exploded in South Africa, particularly in the commercial and industrial (C&I) sectors. So, what’s the catch? Until recently, a significant one was the upfront capital costs associated with installing a solar photovoltaic (PV) system. But accessing finance has now shifted from being a barrier to becoming a competitive means of extracting additional value. Consequently, the most significant consideration for companies is selecting the most appropriate financing option for their project, and a range of innovative financing options exist. While outright purchases still provide the best return on investment over the lifetime of the asset, power purchase agreements (PPAs) and lease agreements have cash flow and system performance benefits and provide great alternatives for businesses without the upfront capital for a solar PV system. Many businesses are starting to take up these opportunities. For example, Pick n Pay (Brackenfell, Cape Town) has demonstrated the benefits experienced from installing a 250.8 kW solar PV system (developed, designed and installed by Emergent Energy and financed through a solar rooftop rental agreement by Decentral Energy). Urban agriculture: the growth of cannabis Turning to agriculture, a trio of urban agricultural opportunities in the hemp market—in pharmaceuticals, in the construction industry, and in textile production—demonstrate the inherent potential within Cape Town’s urban agricultural market. Globally, the cannabis sector is growing, and is currently valued at ~$51.28 billion (Statistica 2023). Nationally, recent policy and regulatory changes have created an enabling environment that is opening up local opportunities for investment and job creation within the cannabis sector. In Cape Town, the first of these key opportunities for investment in the cannabis sector, lies within the pharmaceuticals industry. Because medicinal cannabis can be grown in three different production systems (indoor, greenhouse, or outdoor), opportunities exist across the value chain, not only in cultivation and processing but also in the companies that provide the required agro-technologies and services. The medicinal cannabis companies in the Western Cape use both greenhouse and indoor production systems, and so agro-technology suppliers of systems such as lighting, fertigation (the practice of applying fertiliser solutions with irrigation water), drip irrigation, water treatment, etc. will benefit from the greater market demand as more medicinal cannabis start-ups set up facilities. Industrial zones, such as Epping, are well-suited for start-ups looking to repurpose existing warehouses and set up indoor facilities. Additionally, in 2018, Cape Town was the leading medical destination for medical travellers in Africa and has a competitive advantage in that it has world-renowned doctors, a medical industry that has pioneered many ground-breaking surgeries, and a favourable currency exchange rate (in comparison to the US Dollar, Pound Sterling, and Euro). This only serves to highlight the potential of the opportunity within the Cape Town context. In addition to pharmaceuticals, there is a growing global interest in the use of hemp in the construction sector, particularly as the sector looks at different pathways for reducing the overall carbon footprint of the value chain. It is estimated that the building and construction sector accounts for around 40% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally, from materials to heating, cooling, and lighting (Muller et al 2020). There is also growing concern that the price
Your next big break in sustainability is waiting
By Thabiso Mohlabeng & Koketso Mamabolo To all the sustainability champions and forward-thinkers who know that the future is built together, The Future of Sustainability Conference is your gateway to meaningful connections, groundbreaking ideas, and collaborations that will shape our planet’s future. Are you ready to connect with some of the brightest, most influential figures driving us towards a greener tomorrow? Looking to scale up your sustainable impact, secure funding and form game-changing partnerships? On 26–27 March 2024, Emperor’s Palace will transform into the epicentre of sustainability innovation—and you’re invited to join the movement. The programme is packed with interactive sessions, fireside chats, and more, allowing you to position yourself in rooms where ideas turn into action—and where you’ll meet collaborators who share your vision. You will learn how companies are turning ESG goals into profit, scaling green tech, and redefining industries by solving some of sustainability’s biggest challenges. From global leaders in renewable energy and capture, to award-winning startups blazing a trail in the circular economy and ESG investment pioneers looking to fund innovative solutions. You’ll meet: Explore the list of attendees Whether you’re a seasoned sustainability pro or a rising star, this is where ideas collide and partnerships ignite. Let’s create a legacy—one connection at a time. Secure your spot—tickets are going fast! With only a few weeks left, don’t miss your chance to join this exclusive gathering. Network with purpose, gain actionable insights, and leave with a contact list full of changemakers.P.S. Early-bird pricing ends soon! Snag your ticket: https://qkt.io/FOS2025 before they’re gone—your next big opportunity awaits.
Sun International: Responsible CSI and doing business the right way
By Anthony Leeming, CEO, Sun International From day one, the Sun International approach has always been to do business the right way. I am a firm believer in socially responsible capitalism. Without economic growth, we are never going to solve the gamut of social challenges we face. At the same time, we need to be responsible in how we go about achieving it, and responsible in ensuring we are giving back. The opportunity provided to us as a business comes from our licences, communities, and customers – and this is something we bear in mind in day-to-day operations and is embedded in all our practices. Sustainability is not a choice. It may be tempting to shoot for short-term gains, but you simply can not put a price on cultivating an environment in which all stakeholders flourish. If you are operating sustainably, you are using fewer resources and if you are looking after communities, you have a more sustainable environment in which to operate. If you are looking after your employees and their wellbeing, you have a more stable, productive, and happier workplace, and this ultimately spills over to the customer. A positive legacy South Africa has dealt with the gaming industry in the right way. Casinos have had a major impact on job creation, empowerment, and communities in largely impoverished areas and are a massive source of tax revenue. And the impact is much wider than the casino floor – for instance, as our resorts are entertainment hubs, we uplift a huge number of artistic and service providers. Clearly, the licence comes with a responsibility to our patrons. We spearheaded the national responsible gaming programme 30 years ago and continue to contribute to the initiative in the interests of a safer industry. With responsible practices in place, the good casinos have done in this country far outweigh the handful of negatives. We are able to build on this legacy of positive impact through our CSI and socio-economic development initiatives and other projects. Annually, we contribute 1% of our net profit after tax) towards socio-economic development across our key focus areas: education, sports, and arts and culture. Our flagship projects include the Arts and Culture Trust Nyoloha Scholarship Programme for 17 to 25-year-old youths to pursue tertiary education in the visual and performance arts and the Eco-schools programme, through which teachers and learners learn how to build environmental resilience in their schools and communities. As part of our ESG journey, we are committed to reducing our environmental footprint by sending zero waste to landfill and promoting the efficient use of water and electricity. To assist the micro-economies surrounding our properties, we are committed to procuring locally and engaging with black-women-owned businesses. Our human-resources-driven programmes like Christmas Wish and CEO Wish help our employees in times of need and we stand firm as an organisation against gender-based violence through our #NOEXCUSES campaign. Again, we have been doing this for a long, long time because it is a part of our DNA, not because of pressure from environmental groups or B-BBEE requirements. What I feel most proud of is that when we train people, they often go on to bigger things, whether in or outside the group. Seeing people grow, such as Wild Coast Sun GM Peter Tshidi, who began his career as a porter at The Palace, is evidence of the success of our talent pipeline and critical to our success. An end to the energy crisis The energy crisis is our biggest challenge. It is critical that we take the lead alongside other large corporations to find solutions, otherwise the entire economy will be in jeopardy. It is imperative that we strive to own as much of our electricity production as possible. We are going to be focusing on renewable energy and explore wheeling arrangements, while we continue to help our communities and create jobs. We have started a pilot solar project at Sun City – the R16-million, 1.4MW solar plant produces enough electricity to power 329 households annually – and are pushing for all our big properties to move to solar power and battery storage to reduce the reliance on diesel. Ultimately, when it comes to sustainability, we are all in this together. Being environmentally friendly and socially responsible should never be seen as a competitive advantage. We should be learning from best practices and each other. If we do not put down a marker and stand side by side for the good of our country right now, there is no telling what kind of issues we may face further down the line. Anthony Leeming is the Chief Executive Officer of Sun International.
It’s time to believe in better
By Dr Morné du Plessis, CEO of WWF South Africa Hope is life and death in equal measure. At its best it colours the day and lights up the night. At its worst, it remains an elusive hankering for something to be gifted by others. As South Africans, we know all too well how easy it is to slip into a spiral of despair and become a liability to ourselves (just think of all those solution-free conversations at social gatherings that dwell on the negatives, from loadshedding to shoddy service delivery, taxi strikes and more). Yet, South Africa is widely acknowledged for having turned calamitous predictions of a turbulent future into unmatched opportunity. Those of us who lived through the 70s and 80s know just how far we’ve come. Imperfect as our new society may be, there are few who hanker for that unequal past and many who wish we could rekindle the blossoming optimism post-1994. We have come to find ways to work around inconvenience and count ourselves lucky for what we have. Should we expect better? Of course, we must and can do better! But better will not be possible if we outsource the responsibility to others, be it government, business, or civil society organisations. Fixing the country starts with each one of us. Environmentalists are by their very nature agents of hope. Those dedicating their lives to environmental causes are profoundly accustomed to an enduring sense of doom. Every day there is more evidence, most of it about how we are knowingly destabilising our climate, dismantling our ecosystems and leaving a growing debt to nature for our children to settle. Yet hope, supported by action, is far more powerful than the strangely seductive slide into despair. Environmentalists know how to deal with relentless negativity. It is what we deal with all of our lives. We simply believe that it is possible to be better. What underpins this belief? We are surely motivated by the knowledge of our extraordinary natural inheritance and the responsibility of care that comes with it. Sometimes, just as we need reminding how far we’ve come as a society, we need reminding of just how exceptional South Africa’s natural and social endowments are. Few places on Earth can match the claims of this country as the cradle where humankind was born – from the rich early palaeontological finds of early hominids, millions of years old, to the precursors of human culture spanning tens of thousands of years. Our very essence as human beings has been shaped right here in the mountains and plains of South Africa, and in these finds it is possible to sense the origins of hope and wonder. Fewer than a handful of nations surpass South Africa in natural wealth. This wealth is the outcome of tens of millions of years during which an astonishing array of species were formed. When it comes to biodiversity, we are members of the Big League no matter which way you look at it. As an example, within our borders lies the entire exquisitely abundant and unmatched Cape Floristic Kingdom (CFK) with its thousands of species of plants, insects and animals. Compared to the world’s largest floristic region, the Holarctic Kingdom, our CFK is the size of a mouse to an elephant. Yet it is so incomparably unique that not even tropical forests can match its magnificent diversity. This knowledge should fill us in equal measure with unbridled pride and a delight of responsibility. Even though we have not even had to compete for it, our natural inheritance is all of our endowment to look after, as is our wealth in human capital. The World Cup of Nature and Humanity is in our hands. This trophy, however, is not merely a sign of extraordinary superiority, but it is our duty to keep intact. What ultimately gives me hope, of the kind that colours the day and lights up the night, are the passionate young specialists within my own organisation who embody the best of what our democracy has delivered. Their willingness to embrace change and to conquer obstacles in pursuit of a better world for people and nature is truly inspiring. As much as we are blessed with a natural bounty in this country, we too have unsurpassed human capital to match – if only we are able to harness it. If, like me, you have experienced the same wondrous uplifting emotion at the song of a chorister robin-chat at dawn or the joy of catching the strain of melodic village songs floating over the far hills at dusk, you will know that you too have skin in the game. It is us who must solve the unsolvable and conquer the insurmountable, doing the constructive deeds that we so often expect of others. With so much to play for, better is surely well within our reach. Yours in nature
We have a sustainability challenge – let’s not waste it
The interconnected issues of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria, sustainability, and climate change are at the forefront of global discussions and will play a pivotal role in shaping the future of our planet.
Logashri Sewnarain, CEO, SMEC South Africa: Creating meaningful, lasting impact
SMEC was founded in 1949 to oversee the construction of the Snowy Mountains Hydroelectric Scheme, one of the most complex engineering projects of its time.
Moving towards a green transition: Lessons in mobility from Denmark
By Nicholas Fordyce The World’s climate is changing. Climate variability has always been a thing; but anthropogenic climate change has not. Rapid industrialisation has led to significant changes in our atmosphere’s chemistry and the resulting climate changes are occurring at a rate and severity that risks exceeding the adaptive capabilities of the ecosystems and species which we are reliant upon for our own prosperity and, indeed more ominously, our survival. Alarmingly, climate change is just one component of the Triple Planetary Crisis which faces us. Widespread pollution, on land, in our oceans and rivers, and in the air we breathe is another, and a steep decline in biodiversity is the other. None of this should really be news to anyone. Neither should the fact that as South Africans, we’re in line to be on the more severe receiving end of the aforementioned climate changes. According to the IPCC, we already frequently experience droughts, floods, and other extreme weather events, with evidence that the frequency and intensity of such events will increase yet more! In searching for solutions to the triple planetary crisis, most agree that we must embrace a green transition. Whilst there are a number of different definitions for what this means, a few basic tenants hold true. A green transition necessarily implies a development pathway towards carbon neutrality that is also socially just (also referred to as a Just Transition); ensuring no one is left behind, whilst aiming to redesign the critical components of any economy including energy production, water and sanitation infrastructure, transport, food production and waste minimisation and management such that each function in cleaner, more sustainable ways.In South Africa, the just transition imperative has now been entrenched and embraced by most major stakeholder groups. There is broad consensus among social partners that climate change will impact people and the economy, and that a just transition to a sustainable, cleaner, and more inclusive economy is required. The Presidential Climate Commission (PCC) highlights that “a just transition aims to achieve a quality life for all South Africans, in the context of increasing the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate, fostering climate resilience, and reaching net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, in line with best available science”. It is therefore incumbent upon us to take lessons where they are available. Lessons from Denmark One of the aspects of travel that has always excited me is the inevitable requirement to use different modes of transport to get around. I’m probably a relatively extreme example of this; fuelled by my interest in nature, and birds in particular, I’ve been extremely fortunate and intentional in seeking out pretty exotic and remote locations in search of unusual wildlife, and this has inevitably triggered the need to use unusual modes of transport. Yet even for the less intrepid traveler, varied transport requirements should be anticipated. Copenhagen wouldn’t fall into a list of cities I’d classify as particularly intrepid or exotic, but it does still fit the aforementioned travel pattern. During a three-week visit to the city in September, as part of a study tour to learn about what Denmark is doing to adapt to, and mitigate against, climate changes, mobility was a feature that stood out. Copenhagen has to be one of the easiest cities in the world to move around in. It is not the biggest city, but more importantly, public transport is a breeze to use, and there are a variety of ways to get around. During my three weeks in Copenhagen, I walked a lot (according to my Strava app, over 120 kilometres). As a pedestrian, it’s no exaggeration to say that the biggest risk to one’s safety isn’t cars, buses or even trains; it is the hordes of cyclists that make use of the generous and numerous cycle lanes that cut through the city! And so a key lesson from my Danish autumn emerges; ease of mobility; unlocking a city. EASE OF MOBILITY Copenhagen’s urban design has intentionally prioritised cyclists and pedestrians. Most major roadways include pedestrian and cycling lanes, often wider than those allocated to cars and buses, and the latter are required to give way to the former, without exception. There is also a network of highly efficient, relatively affordable, electrified rail alternatives. I used the metro a lot; Copenhagen’s (mostly) underground rapid local train service. The metro runs 24/7 and, remarkably, trains can be caught at intervals usually 2 – 4 minutes apart. The convenience is extraordinary. Moving around in a new city can be intimidating; but the metro in Copenhagen consists of four different lines and it takes surprisingly little time to figure out which one you need to be on, and in which direction you need to be heading. Then it’s just a case of hopping on and off as required. The S-trains, another inner-city train offering, are described as a hybrid urban-suburban train system. They run less frequently than the metro, with trains every 7-10 minutes, but, critically, link slightly further suburban areas with the city centre. In addition to the trains; buses are also very common throughout the city. One particular bus route, the 5C bus, actually runs entirely on biogas that is produced via the treatment of municipal organic waste; making it a carbon neutral bus offering. These buses emit 72% less NOx and 33% fewer particles and they also make less noise. They resemble the bus rapid transit (BRT) system; an international concept known from European cities like Paris and Barcelona Collectively, public transport infrastructure is comprehensive, and provides a plethora of clean, rapid and affordable ways to get around. It’s little wonder that most residents make use of public transport, despite the relatively high standard of living experienced by most Danish folk. For those that do opt for private transport, there are challenges and an increasing number of reasons not to do so. Commuters using their own transport are discouraged from using greenhouse gas emitting internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles within the city. This has